Signal and power integrity analysis of bidirectional DC-DC converters for hybrid energy storage systems with EMI/EMC optimization

Abstract

Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) utilizes multiple energy storage architectures to achieve a broader range of characteristics in terms of power density, energy density and calendar life. A 500W bidirectional synchronous DC-DC converter design is implemented for the active topology of HESS. This thesis examines optimal design principles and practices essential for the printed circuit board (PCB) layout of switching regulators with fast dv/dt and di/dt edge rates to achieve electromagnetic interference (EMI) compliance standards. Furthermore, it focuses on comparative analysis and investigation of near-field noise emissions measured from three PCB designs each sharing the same schematic but different layout design rules and stackup configurations. Reflections, crosstalk, and transmission line management techniques along with power delivery network/system (PDN/PDS) design are implemented for enhanced signal and power integrity. 4-layer board designed with embedded interplane capacitance, controlled impedance traces, proper signal termination and crosstalk management exhibits lowest noise emissions. The experimental results show good consistency with electromagnetic field theory and simulations.