The quantum and electromagnetic process of photon emission by the hydrogen atom

dc.contributor.authorKowalski, Marian
dc.date.accessioned2021-05-02T14:57:24Z
dc.date.accessioned2022-03-29T20:01:31Z
dc.date.available2021-05-02T14:57:24Z
dc.date.available2022-03-29T20:01:31Z
dc.date.issued2021-04-07
dc.description.abstractLight emitted from atoms during transitions of electrons from higher to lower discrete states has the form of photons carrying energy and angular momentum. This paper considers the process of emission of a single photon from the hydrogen atom by using quantum theory and Maxwell’s equations [W. Gough, Eur. J. Phys. 17, 208, 1996; L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, Quantum Mechanics (Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1965); J. D. Jackson, Classical Electrodynamics (John Wiley & Son, New York, 1975, 1982); P. M. Morse and H. Feshbach, Methods of Theoretical Physics (McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York, 1953)]. The electric and magnetic fields of a photon arise from the time-dependent quantum probability densities of the orbit and the spin current. This paper is an extension of the semiclassical description of photon emission published by the author earlier in 1999 [M. Kowalski, Phys. Essays 12, 312 (1999)]. In the semiclassical approach, the Coulomb force and a radiation resistance force have been taken into account to get time-dependent emission of the photon. In both the quantum and semiclassical cases, the transition takes place within a time interval equal to one period of the photon’s wave. The creation of a one-wavelength-long photon is supported by the results of experiments using ultrafast (ultrashort) laser pulses to generate excited atoms, which emit light pulses shorter than two photon wavelengths [F. Krausz and M. Ivanov, Rev. Mod. Phys. 81, 163 (2009); H. Kapteyn and M. Murnane, Phys. World 12, 31 (1999)]. VC 2021 Physics Essays Publication. [http://dx.doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-34.2.116]en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10155/1283
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherPhysics Essayen
dc.subjectPhoton Emission Process; Hydrogen Atomic States; Quantum Mechanics; Maxwell’s Theory; Electron Quantum Probability Density; Classical Electrodynamics; Photon Electromagnetic Field; Energy and Angular Momentum; One-Wavelength- Long Photon; Electromagnetic Zero-Point Field.en
dc.titleThe quantum and electromagnetic process of photon emission by the hydrogen atomen
dc.typeArticle, Researchen

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